To betray someone. In Ancient Rome, Julius Caesar was betrayed and stabbed multiple times over by his friends on account of how many illegal actions he performed while ruling over Rome.
Bartender: Why so gloomy?
Truck Driver: The day started out so well. Me and my buddies... we were all excited and grooving and dancing in the company parking lot because it was Friday. I suggested we come here... Now, it's almost closing time and I'm thoroughly convinced they wanted to Pull a Julius Caesar on me.
When you work out at the gym for a short time, then disappear and talk about how you will come back later to shut the place down. Yet no evidence exists of said event.
"He's always rushing out of here, then 'pulling a caesar' about later"